新新对公--高知圈跨国文件综合对公服务

国际文件认证体系

 

公证/海牙认证/使馆认证

一般情况下，在本国内使用的文件只需要本国公证处的公证即可使用；跨国使用的跨国文件在海牙国家使用的，做海牙认证；在非海牙国家使用的，做使馆认证。但是，也有些非海牙国家的机构，要求做Apostille认证。一般这种情况下，要么就是这里的用词apostille的真实意思就是要做使馆认证的意思，实质上就是做使馆认证。要么就是该机构认为虽然是非海牙国家，但是做海牙认证也接受。

还有一种情况，比如莫斯科阿联酋使馆关于高等教育、职业中等教育、自然科学博士学位（仅仅这些文件，其他文件不需要），需要先进行apostille认证确定文件签名的真实性，再进行使馆认证。也就是，对于这部分特殊的文件，apostille认证及使馆认证都需要做。

However, many countries, which are not members of the Hague Convention, in some cases require the presentation of documents with the affixing of the "Apostilla" stamp.

In any case, the most important source of truthful information, regarding the rules for the formalization of the documents you submit, is undoubtedly the organization where you intend to submit these documents.

For the legalization of degrees for the United Arab Emirates, a certificate from the higher education institution must be presented, certifying the actual issue of the degree. We can take care of obtaining this certificate. If there is an apostille on your degree, the certificate from the educational institution is not required.

Although the United Arab Emirates is not a signatory state to the Hague Convention and therefore, the apostille is not accepted as a form of legalization of documents, the United Arab Emirates Consulate in Moscow requires the affixing of the apostille on the original in order to the legalization of the degrees, or the certificate of the aforementioned educational institution. In general, it should be emphasized that the presence of the apostille on the original of the document is the only way to check the authenticity of the didactic document and confirm its real issue.  

It should be noted that the requirements of the United Arab Emirates Consulate cover only higher education, vocational middle education, science candidate and doctoral degrees and degrees. The presence of the apostille on the originals of the lower secondary education certificates is not necessary.

 

独联体明斯克会议成员国豁免使馆认证，只需要翻译即可。

正式成员
亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆、白俄罗斯、摩尔多瓦、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、俄罗斯。
非正式成员
乌克兰：实际参与独联体事务，是三个奠基者之一，但未批准独联体宪章。
土库曼斯坦：于2005年8月26日在喀山会议上宣布退出正式成员国，并更改其状态为“联合成员”。
退出成员
格鲁吉亚：因南奥塞梯战争，于2008年8月18日退出独联体。

Legalization exemption
According to the art. 13 of the Minsk Convention on legal assistance in civil, family and criminal matters, which is valid on the territory of the acceding countries, the documents of the member states do not require consular legalization.

It includes the following states: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan.

Russia has been a party to the Minsk Convention since 1994. For the other member states, the legalization of documents issued in Russia by apostille is not necessary. 
For the use of documents issued in Russia, a notary-certified translation is required in the above-mentioned countries.

 

前苏联解体后的国家是不是都说俄语的？
不一定，比如拉脱维亚官方语言为拉脱维亚语，爱沙尼亚有爱沙尼亚语，立陶宛有立陶宛语，白俄罗斯有白俄罗斯语等等，当然俄语在前苏联分裂后的那些国家中说的人数最多。 
不完全一样，各国纷纷规定了国语
比如，白俄罗斯的国语是俄语和白俄罗斯语，而乌克兰规定乌克兰语是唯一法定国语，在波罗的海等国家都放弃了俄语的法定地位

苏联解体后，各新独立国家在宪法中均规定了当地主体民族语言为国语（官方语言），废除俄语作为交际语言的地位（哈萨克斯坦除外）。 可以参考《苏联解体后境外俄罗斯人问题》这篇论文的研究内容。 

 

 

 

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